Shu Yinbiao Portrait.
Zhang Wuchang painting
The sea breeze rushed, the “windmill” rolled, and the wind turbine standing on the blue sea continued to send electricity. The scene of “electricity comes from the sea” is constantly appearing along the coast of my country.
Since the establishment of the first offshore wind turbine in 2007, my country’s offshore wind power has achieved leapfrog development.The installed capacity of offshore wind power increased from 1.04 million kilowatts in 2015 to 36.5 million kilowatts, accounting for nearly half of the global offshore wind power installed capacity, ranking first in the world.my country has formed a maritime wind power technology chain and industrial chain from development, design, manufacturing to construction, and operation and maintenance management.In 2023, my country’s wind turbines, blades, gearboxes, generators, and fixed foundations accounted for more than 60%of global production capacity.
Energy is the basis for human beings to survive. Building a new energy system is a subject proposed to us in the times.The “Carbon and Peak Action Plan for 2030” issued by the State Council proposed that it adheres to the importance of the sea and sea, promotes the rapid development of wind power coordination, improves the offshore wind power industry chain, and encourages the construction of offshore wind power bases.As a high -quality clean energy, offshore wind power is an important component of a new energy system.my country has abundant offshore wind energy resources. Vigorously developing offshore wind power is of great significance to ensure my country’s energy security, promote green low -carbon transformation, and achieve carbon peak carbon neutrality and goals.
Help to realize marine three -dimensional development
Why should we go to the ocean and develop sea wind power?
In order to improve the capacity of clean energy supply.From the perspective of natural conditions, sea wind power resources with 5 meters -50 meters along the coast of my country and 70 meters above the sea level can develop more than 500 million kilowatts.The average wind speed at sea is about 20%higher than that of land. The average number of hours of offshore wind power is more than 2,500 hours, and the maximum can exceed 4,000 hours.From the perspective of regional economic perspective, the economy is developed in the eastern coastal region of my country. It is an important power and load center. Maritime wind power is close to coastal provinces and access to the nearestness. It has an important role in ensuring the supply of energy and power supply in the eastern region and improving non -fossil energy consumption.In addition, the offshore wind power can also form time and space complementarity with the “Western East East” to ensure the reliability and abundance of my country’s power system operation.
It helps to promote the construction of marine powers.The development of offshore wind power can drive the development of the upstream and downstream industrial chain of marine measures, marine engineering and other related upstream and downstream industrial chains, and help coordinate the coordinated development of offshore wind energy and marine tide energy, sea photovoltaic, hydrogen energy, maritime oil and gas resources to achieve facilities sharing, joint operation and maintenance, promote promotionThe development of new energy industry at sea.Sea wind power can also develop together with marine pastures, marine monitoring, tourism services, etc., to achieve three -dimensional development of “sea granary+clean energy”, and improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of marine resources.Through the deep integration of multiple fields, the development of marine resources will be strongly promoted to the transformation of cyclic use.
Create a new highland for power technology
To build a “power plant” on the sea of Wangyang, facing many technical challenges.The sea wind farm at sea is in the complex marine environment of strong wind, waves, and salted water corrosion. The foundation of the wind turbine must withstand various loads such as wind, waves, and sea flows. Long -distance submarine transmission lines need to be waterproof, corrosion -resistant, anti -mechanical pulling, and pulling mechanical pulling and pulling machinery.Multiple performances such as external force collision, the installation of the unit also uses large -scale maritime professional construction ship operations.Therefore, sea wind power requirements for equipment design, manufacturing, construction, installation technology, and united operation and maintenance and failure treatment requirements are high.
In recent years, the level of core equipment at sea wind power in my country has improved rapidly. It has the ability to independently design, develop and manufacture, install, debugging, and maintenance of large -capacity marine wind power units. Effective scheme.
Manufacturing large -capacity wind power units can effectively improve the level of wind energy development and utilization, reduce the cost of unit capacity engineering investment and installation of construction and maintenance costs, which is the main direction of the development of sea wind power technology.The B1260A -type blades independently developed in my country reached 126 meters in length, which is the world’s longest wind power blades.In July 2023, the world’s first 16 MW sea off -wind power crew successfully grid -to -grid power generation in Fujian offshore wind farm.The center height of the wheels of the unit is 152 meters, which is equivalent to 50 floors high. The area of the impeller sweeping the area is about 50,000 square meters, which is equivalent to 7 football fields. The blades are 1 lap each.Call -watt -time cleaning electricity, which meets the electricity consumption of 36,000 households for one year.The spindle is like the “joint” of the sea wind turbine, which is the key to determining the service life of the unit equipment.Following the new type of blades, the 18 MW -wiring wind power main bearings independently developed in my country are offline in August 2023, achieving localization of high -power fan bearings.
Not only the wind turbine, the sea wind power is a complex system engineering, which requires supporting engineering technologies such as packeting, sea construction, operation and maintenance.Flexible DC transmission technology has many advantages such as convenient and convenient reversal, fast and fast, and rapid recovery of power supply after the accident. It can effectively solve the problem of large -capacity and long -range power transmission problems at sea wind farms at sea.In 2021, my country ’s first offshore wind power flexible DC transmission project — Jiangsu Ruhai East China Wind Power ± 400 kV flexible DC transmission system was successfully connected. DC transmission technology.Equipment transportation, installation, construction, operation and maintenance also requires development of special ships.In 2022, the first domestic fourth -generation offshore wind power installation platform “Baihetan” was delivered.The ship is equipped with a pile -type crane can hang 2,000 tons of wind power foundation and fan equipment, which is equivalent to hanging up 1,300 households, which enhances the construction and installation capacity of deep -water regions and far -reaching sea wind turbines in my country.In November 2023, the multi -functional wind power transport vitamin “Sea Peak 3001” of the intelligent operation and maintenance information system, the launch of the seaside cable and the seaside repair system was configured to use it to help solve the pain and difficulties of offshore wind power operation and dimension.
Promote continuous innovation and high -quality development
The far -reaching sea wind energy resources can develop more than three times that of offshore, and the power generation is more stable, which is the focus of offshore wind power development.The “Fourteenth Five -Year Plan” Modern Energy System Plan proposes to encourage the construction of offshore wind power bases and promote the layout of offshore wind power to deep -water district.my country’s coastal provinces have formulated maritime wind power development plans to promote the orderly development of offshore wind power from near and far.The farce of the sea means new challenges. The cost of traditional fixed infrastructure is high, affected by the underwater terrain and the undercurrent, and the floating wind power technology of the far sea emerges.In May last year, my country ’s first far -sea floating wind power platform“ Sea Oil Guanlan ”grid -to -power generation has grid. The working waters are more than 100 kilometers from the coastline, the water depth is more than 100 meters, and the average annual power generation can reach 22 million kilowatt -hours.
Looking forward to the future, offshore wind power will play a more important role in energy transformation.According to the calculation of maritime wind power development planning plans along the coastal provinces in the eastern coast, it is expected that by 2030, my country’s offshore wind power installed capacity will reach 150 million kilowatts, and the proportion of electricity power in the coastal area of the eastern coastal will reach about 10%. By 2060, sea wind power will be. The installed capacity will exceed 1 billion kilowatts, and the power consumption of offshore wind power in the eastern coastal area will exceed 30%.There are many elements, large investment, and high risks at offshore wind power development. We must strengthen resource survey, establish large databases in marine space, carry out overall planning and utilization of offshore wind power resources, promote intensive and large -scale development, and improve the overall benefits of resource development.
The new goal puts forward new requirements for the basic ability of wind power development.Faced with the difficulty of complex development environment and the prediction of power generation, and the difficulty of power consumption, it is difficult to strengthen the design and optimization iteration of resource assessment, micro -site selection, equipment selection, and network analysis.Development system.Establish a refined simulation platform that adapt to different application scenarios, improve the level of verification of new equipment and new technologies, and reduce the risk of the development of offshore wind power project development.Establish maritime wind power technology standards and testing and certification systems to achieve standardization and serialization of technical product products.Develop high -efficiency formation test and verification platform to standardize the application of technological achievements and improve production efficiency.Improve the standard certification system of green product, implement green design, green manufacturing, and green construction, and promote the recycling of the recycling of resource.
I do n’t treat scientific and technological innovation in key areas.To further reduce the cost of construction of offshore wind power and improve the efficiency of development and utilization, it is necessary to play the leading role of scientific and technological innovation, strengthen project survey, design, construction, installation, operation and maintenance and other technological research and development, break through the technical bottlenecks such as large carbon fiber leaves, develop maritime wind power flexible DC transmission,Technology such as compact and lightweighting platforms at the sea.The large -scale installation platforms that are adapted to the far -reaching waters allow digital technology to deeply integrate with the far -reaching sea resource survey, project construction, and intelligent operation and maintenance.
With the further development of offshore wind power technology, I believe that more units will stand on the sea and continue to inject green energy into economic and social development.